What Vehicles Can You Drive with a Class B CDL?

For waste management organizations, understanding what vehicles fall under a Class B CDL (Commercial Driver’s License) is key to ensuring compliance, reducing liability, and keeping operations efficient. This article breaks down the requirements and vehicle types covered under this license, so you will know where it applies to your operations.

Key Takeaways

A Class B CDL allows drivers to legally operate single heavy trucks.
Waste-fleet vehicles under Class B include loaders, sweepers, and roll-offs, among others.
Class B is generally sufficient for most waste trucks, but heavier trailers require Class A.
Additional endorsements may be required depending on vehicle type and cargo.
Fleet operators can train drivers through ELDT, CLP, and skills testing.

Understanding Class B in the CDL Framework

To evaluate whether a Class B CDL fits your waste fleet, it’s essential to grasp its federal definition and how it compares to Class A and C.

What Federal Law Defines as “Class B”

Under FMCSA regulations (49 CFR § 383.91), a Class B CDL grants authority to operate:

Any standalone vehicle with a vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001 pounds or above, without including a trailer.
Or a vehicle of the above GVWR towing a trailer whose GVWR does not exceed 10,000 pounds.

In other words, if the vehicle alone is heavy enough, Class B covers it. If it’s hooked to a trailer, Class B is only valid when that trailer is relatively light (≤ 10,000 lbs). Interestingly, FMCSA also addresses whether a Class B holder may operate a truck tractor without a heavy trailer: the answer is yes, as long as that tractor isn’t pulling a trailer over 10,000 lbs.

Understanding the Difference: Class A vs. Class B vs. Class C

To see where Class B fits in, here’s how it compares:

Class A: Required for combination vehicles with a gross combination weight rating (GCWR) of 26,001 lbs or more, if the towed vehicle’s GVWR exceeds 10,000 lbs. This is the license for typical tractor-trailer rigs (semis) and heavy pull operations.
Class B: Best for single heavy vehicles or towing lighter trailers, as described above.
Class C: Intended for vehicles that don’t meet A or B thresholds, but which carry 16 or more passengers (including driver) or hazardous materials requiring placarding.

Because many waste trucks are not combination rigs (i.e., not pulling heavy trailers), Class B often suffices. But whenever your operation uses heavy trailers, roll-offs, or long combinations, you may need Class A status, depending on the maximum weight capacity.

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Once you understand the regulatory boundaries of a Class B CDL, the next question is: Which vehicles actually qualify under it?

Waste-Fleet Specific Vehicles Under Class B

For municipalities and private waste management companies, the following waste-fleet vehicles can typically be operated with a Class B CDL:

Rear loader packers
Front loaders
Sideloaders
Lighter compactor trucks
Water trucks
Brush trucks
Street sweepers
Roll-off trucks (if the trailer/container is ≤10,000 lbs GVWR)

These vehicles are the backbone of many waste operations, and a Class B CDL allows drivers to safely and legally manage these essential fleets.

Key Caveats & Considerations

Trailer weight limits matter: Even with a Class B, you can tow a trailer, but only if its GVWR is 10,000 pounds or less. If your waste operations require heavy trailers (e.g., large roll-offs, dumpsters, or trailer combos), you’ll cross into Class A territory.
Vehicle configuration exceptions: The FMCSA’s vehicle configuration guidance maps many cargo body types (dump, garbage/refuse, van, flatbed) and confirms that waste body types are included in the roster of recognized single-unit vehicles.
State or municipal rules may restrict further: Some states require higher classes, extra local permits, or limitations even within what’s allowed federally.

With these vehicle types in mind, you can now map your existing or planned waste fleet against Class B eligibility and identify which trucks will require a higher class license, special endorsements, or configuration adjustments.

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While the FMCSA generally governs regulations around the CDL framework, there are some additional regulatory requirements that might come into play, depending on the vehicle type and area of operation.

Endorsements and Local Requirements

For municipalities and private waste management companies, understanding the necessary endorsements, permits, and restrictions associated with a Class B CDL is crucial to ensure compliance and safe operations.

Required Endorsements

While a Class B CDL permits the operation of various waste management vehicles, additional endorsements may be required depending on the specific vehicle or materials being transported:

Passenger (P) Endorsement: Mandatory for those driving vehicles configured to seat 16 or more occupants, driver included. This endorsement is necessary for municipal buses or shuttle services, although typically not required for waste management.
School Bus (S) Endorsement: Required for drivers operating school buses. Note that in some states, the S endorsement cannot stand alone and must be accompanied by the P endorsement. Also typically not required for waste fleets.
Tank Vehicle (N) Endorsement: Needed for those driving vehicles intended to move bulk liquids or gaseous materials. This endorsement is necessary for water trucks or other vehicles transporting liquids.
Hazardous Materials (H) Endorsement: Required for drivers transporting hazardous materials in amounts requiring placarding under DOT regulations. This endorsement necessitates passing a written knowledge test and a background check.
Combination Hazmat/Tank (X) Endorsement: A combination of the H and N endorsements, allowing drivers to transport hazardous materials in tank vehicles.
Double/Triple Trailers (T) Endorsement: Required for those driving multi-trailer rigs consisting of two or three trailers. This endorsement is generally not applicable to Class B CDL holders, as the certification only allows towing trailers up to 10,000 pounds GVWR. It becomes necessary for drivers with a Class A CDL who operate heavy double or triple trailer combinations.

Municipal or State Exemptions

Some states and municipalities may have exemptions or additional requirements for waste management operations:

Intrastate Operations: Some states allow drivers to operate within the state without certain federal requirements, provided they do not cross state lines.
Local Permits: Municipalities may issue special permits for waste management vehicles to operate in specific zones or during designated times, such as early morning hours for residential pickups.
Exemptions for Certain Vehicles: Some states may exempt certain types of waste management vehicles from specific requirements, such as emissions standards or weight limits, depending on local regulations.

It's essential for waste management companies to consult with local and state authorities to ensure compliance with all applicable regulations and to obtain any necessary endorsements or permits for their drivers.

How to Get a Class B CDL: A Step-by-Step Guide for Waste Fleets Managers

For municipal and private waste fleet operators, investing in driver training ensures your workforce is skilled, compliant, and capable of safely operating the vehicles your operations rely on. Helping drivers obtain their Class B CDL not only strengthens safety and efficiency but also protects your organization from liability and regulatory issues.

Here’s a step-by-step approach to getting your drivers certified with a Class B CDL:

1. Verify Eligibility:

Before beginning the process, ensure that your drivers meet the basic eligibility requirements:

Age: At least 21 years old for interstate driving; 18 years old for intrastate driving.
Driver’s License: Possess a valid non-commercial driver’s license.
Driving Record: No disqualifying traffic violations or suspensions.
Medical Fitness: Pass a Department of Transportation (DOT) physical examination.

2. Enroll in Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT)

As of February 7, 2022, all drivers seeking a Class B CDL for the first time must complete Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT) with a registered training provider. This training must be completed before taking the CDL skills test. You can find a list of registered providers through the FMCSA’s Training Provider Registry.

3. Obtain a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP)

After completing the ELDT, drivers must apply for a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP) by:

Passing a written knowledge test covering general vehicle operation, air brakes (if applicable), and any endorsements.
Providing proof of identity, residency, and legal presence.
Submitting a valid DOT medical examiner’s certificate.
Paying the applicable fees as determined by the state.

The CLP allows drivers to practice operating a commercial vehicle under the supervision of a licensed CDL holder, and is valid for a period determined by the state.

4. Schedule and Pass the Skills Test

Once the CLP has been held for the required duration (usually 14 days), drivers can schedule a skills test, which includes:

Vehicle Inspection: Demonstrating knowledge of vehicle components and safety checks.
Basic Controls: Performing maneuvers such as backing, parking, and turning.
On-Road Driving: Operating the vehicle in real traffic conditions.

The skills test must be taken in a vehicle that matches the class and type of license being sought.

5. Obtain the Class B CDL

After passing the skills test, drivers need to take the test completion documentation to the licensing office to finalize the Class B CDL. Depending on the state, they may receive the CDL immediately at the counter or have it mailed to them. They should carefully review all details on the license before leaving, as errors can be costly and time-consuming to correct later.

By following these steps, municipalities and private waste management companies can effectively train and certify their own drivers for a Class B CDL, ensuring a skilled and compliant workforce for their operations.

Conclusion

A Class B CDL is a key part of any waste management fleet, allowing drivers to safely and legally operate the vehicles that keep municipalities and private operations running smoothly. But a certified driver is only half the equation; the other is having reliable, well-maintained trucks capable of handling daily waste collection demands.

TrashTruckRental helps fill that gap by offering flexible leasing and sales of quality garbage trucks, including rear loaders, sideloaders, and roll-off trucks. Our services are designed with municipalities and private waste management companies in mind, providing vehicles that are ready to work and backed by warranties for peace of mind.

While primarily serving fleets in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Iowa, TrashTruckRental is also open to supporting operations nationwide. Our aim is to support fleet managers across the country in maintaining high operational standards by helping them build a capable, dependable team with the right equipment.

Get in touch with our experts to receive a quote today!

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What vehicles can I operate with a Class B CDL?

Class B allows single heavy vehicles or trailers ≤10,000 lbs GVWR. Common waste trucks include rear loaders, front loaders, sideloaders, compactors, water trucks, brush trucks, and street sweepers.

2. Are special endorsements needed for waste trucks?

Most waste trucks don’t require extra endorsements. Passenger (P), tank (N), or hazardous materials (H/X) endorsements may apply depending on vehicle type. Double/triple trailer (T) endorsements are usually unnecessary.

3. Can drivers operate across state lines?

Yes, if federal and state requirements are met. Some states may require additional local permits or restrictions.

4. How do fleets train drivers for a Class B CDL?

Drivers complete Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT), get a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP), and pass the skills test. Fleet operators can manage this with registered providers.

5. How can TrashTruckRental help my fleet?

They offer flexible leases and sales of rear loaders, sideloaders, and roll-off trucks, primarily in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Iowa, with nationwide support available.